Discuss research into different type of attachment Essay Example for Free

Discuss investigate into divergent sign of affixation Essaybloody shame Ainsworth conducted two naturalistic observations, angiotensin-converting enzyme in the awkward community of Kampala in Uganda which lowested for two years and the other in the urban city of Baltito a greater extent which had lasted for one year. The aim of this observation was to look at a mother and infant interaction. In both flying field she engaged the same number of participants, which were 26 mothers and their infants. Using the nameless situation she found three different fictional characters of attachments that were displayed by the children and the fourth found by Main and Solomon. The get-go study in Uganda she found that nigh mothers were more sensitive to their infants needs convey that, they were more capable of providing more details about their infants. The infants of these mothers were firmly attached, this means that in their mothers presence they cried little and were more ea ger to explore. This fixate attachment conduct to the infants being more independence beca single-valued function they used their mothers as a secure base that they could run to in time of danger.The arcminute observation took place in Baltimore, America. In this study she and her team did non use a behaviour checklist which means that there was not certain thing that she was looking for, for example she did not have a paper where she wrote all the behaviour that she was looking for such as anger or sorrow and ticked them send off when she witnessed it, she was purely just writing what she had chequern. In this observation she found that mother were more sensitive to their infants for the first three months of their lives, meaning that in the one year that she had studied them, only for the first three months the mother, who was classified as a secure base responded more to the infants needs during that time period. cultivation theorist found this confusing, this is because from their understanding, responsiveness to behavioural mixer releasers, such as crying should act as a reinforcer and increase the crying, but this was different Anisworth predication which was that behavioural social releasers decrease the health c be provider responsiveness.One limitation of these studies is that because it was a longitudinal study, which means that it went over for a long period of time, it whitethorn have causedparticipant attrition, where participants drop out of the study and this may cause problems for her, such as she may not have yet found what she needed. but one strength of the study being longitudinal is that the mother may become more comfortable with the fact of someone observing them so this could light-emitting diode to them being more free and able to express themselves better, and this would be an advantage for Mary as she pass on witness the mothers true personality and behaviour. One limitation of the Baltimore study alone was that her stu dy was not operationalised meaning that she did not define what she was observing and this could lead to her finding irrelevant information.In the Baltimore study we saw that Mary Anisworth conducting her interrogation using the Strange Situation. This method was used to test the nature of attachment systematically. the aim of this was to see how infants behaved under condition of mild stress and novelty, this stress was created by a presence of a odd and by separation from health care provider this is tests stranger anxiety and separation anxiety. The strange situation also tries to bring forward exploration by placing infant in a novel situation which tests the secure base concept.This research takes place in a novel environment, this is a 99 foot square marked off into 16 squares, and this was to help mark the movements of the infants. This method consists of eight episodes, each used to emphasise certain behaviours the behaviour that was assessed was stranger anxiety, this i s the distress shown by an infant when approached or picked up by someone who is unknown to them. The second behaviour assessed is separation anxiety, this is the distress revealed by infants when separated from its primary attachment figure. And the last behaviour assessed was reunification behaviour this is the behaviour shown by infants when reunited with their mother. The results in a strange situation are collected by a group of observers who record what the infants are doing every 15 seconds.Aniworth et al (1978) found that there are three types of attachment that infants had with their caregiver. One of the attachment found was the secure attachment, this is when an infant has a strong and joint interaction with their caregiver. These types of infants properly will not cry if their caregiver leaves the room, but when feeling scared they use their caregiveras safety net that they run to research close bodily contact and although they may not want to leave their caregivers si de prematurely, they are easily soothed. They seek and are comfortable with social interaction and intimacy.The securely attached infants are more independent this is because they use their caregiver a secure base and because they know that they have this secure base they tend to explore their environment more. Another type of attachment is Insecure- overturnant, this attachment is formed of children that dont like to socially interact with others and tend to avoid intimacy. In the strange situation, when separated from their caregiver these children show little response and do not seek proximity of their caregiver on reunion. If the infant is picked up they may show little or no tendency to cling or resist being put down. These children do not need their caregiver to be there for them to explore, they are quite a happy to do it without them. They may also become quite angry because their attachment needs are not met.Furthermore another type of attachment is insecure-resistant, the se are children who both seek and reject intimacy and social interaction. When separated with their caregiver they show intense distress, on reunion they may resist being picked up while also trying to maintain proximity. The last type of attachment was found by Main and Solomon (1986) when they done a re-analysis of over 200 strange situation. The fourth attachment that they found was Disorganised this type is characterised by a lack of a tenacious patterns of social behaviour. These children can show strong attachment, which is suddenly followed by avoidance or looking shocking towards their caregiver or displaying odd movements such as stumbling.In conclusion, there are four types of attachment that children display these are secure attachment, insecure- resistant, insecure avoidance and disorganised and a way to identify what type of attachment a child has is to use the strange situation method, that was first conducting by Mary Anisworth.