Personality Studies Essay

The term physiognomy refers to features of the nervus, when these features argon use to infer the component stop or inclination of an single(a). Physiognomy associates any feature of the face and detail with individualal constitutionistics and certain spirit traits and abilities. Physiognomic messages might include a persons genetic background (e.g., race, ethnicity), genetic diseases (e.g., Downs syndrome), and more than fuzzy concepts such as romantic compatibility, suitability for certain positions or the destiny of the person. As a practice, physiognomy has a long invoice in Western and Eastern cultures. It still attracts attention as a curiosity and books and popular subterfugeicles retain an interest.Merton Method for Employers Holmes W. Merton invented the Merton Method in the deep 19th century to match a persons character to a suitable occupancy. Merton specialized in matching personal characteristics to vocations, and he invented a unique set of traits that he claimed are relevant to job performance. He divided the face into dozens of contrasting line of businesss, each area reflecting one or more of his traits, thus matching a face to a job. Many large corporations used this method to make troth and job assignment decisions.Stereotypes of Police Caricature of the criminal thug with small, beady, close set(predicate) eyes, large jaw and puffy cheeks, bent nose, uns affordn with threatening expression. synopsis of physiognomic characteristics has been employed in the criminal justice system. Some paid ratified consultants offer advice to trial lawyers about their clients, potential jurors, and witnesses found on their facial characteristics. They know that jurors respond to the faces of the defendant and the witnesses, so they try to optimize the lucrativeness of the impressions jurors are seeming to form (such consultants are most really much used by the defense). For example, research shows that a baby-faced person is less l ikely to be convicted of an intentional crime and more likely to be convicted of a negligent crime. Some consultants also claim to have insight into the characteristics of prospective jurors based on their faces. An old face reading tradition in law enforcement circles is that you can tell a criminal from his or her face. Surveys of policemen betoken that even to twenty-four hour period, more believe they can detect the criminal by examining their face.Acting Another area in which physiognomy is used is the picking of actors to fill roles. For example, pedantic women, evil or virtuous men, and incompetent or stupid characters are often portrayed by actors who look the part. Character actors often spend their professional lives performing only control roles that match their facial appearance.It is important to note that none of these applications has any scientific evidence to support it and none uses any of the scientific evidence and possibleness as a founding for its practic e.Palmistry or chiromancy is the art of evaluating a persons character and foretelling the future by dint of the study of the laurel wreath. Palmistry can trace its root back to India, from where it mobilise to China, Tibet, Egypt, Persia and Europe. Even today, the practice is found all all over the world, with numerous ethnical variations. Those who practice chiromancy are largely called palmists, palm readers, or tip over readers. A reader usually begins by reading the persons dominant hand (the hand they write with or use the most) which is considered to jibe the conscious mind, whereas the other hand is subconscious. Various lines (heart line, breeding line, etc.) and mounts (or bumps) presumably suggest interpretations by their relative sizes, qualities, and intersections. The lines are believed to black market hereditary or family traits, or to convey information about past-life or karmic conditions. The basic framework for Classical palmistry is rooted in classical mythology.Each area of the palm and fingers is related to a god or goddess, and the features of that area indicate the nature of the corresponding aspect of the equal to(p). For example, the ring finger is associated with the Greek god Apollo characteristics of the ring finger are tied to the subjects dealings with art, music, aesthetics, fame, wealth, and harmony. The practice of chiromancy is generally regarded as a pseudoscience. There has been little research verifying palmistrys the true as a system of character analysis, and so far no conclusive evidence has been provided to support a connection between the lines of the palm and a persons character. No conclusive data have yet been found to support the claims made by hand readers with adore to life expectancy or personality type.Temperament guess has its roots in the ancient four humors theory. The Greek physician Hippocrates (460-370 BC) systemized and developed it into a medical theory. He believed certain human moods, emotions and behaviors were caused by body fluids (called humors) blood, color bile, black bile, and phlegm, and searched for physiological reasons for different behaviors in humans. The four temperamental categories were named cherry-red, melancholy, choleric and phlegmatic after the bodily humors. Each was the reply of an excess of one of the humors and corresponded to a different personality type. cerise The reddish temperament personality is fairly extroverted. People of a sanguine temperament hunt down to enjoy social gatherings and making new friends. They tend to be creative and often daydream. However, some alone time is crucial for those of this temperament. Sanguine can also mean very sensitive, compassionate and thoughtful. Sanguine personalities generally struggle with following tasks all the way through, are chronically late, and tend to be forgetful and sometimes a little sarcastic. Often, when pursuing a new hobby, interest is lost quickly when it ceases to be e ngaging or fun. They are very much volume persons. They are talkative and not shy.Choleric A person who is choleric is a doer. They have a lot of ambition, energy, and passion, and try to instill it in others. They can dominate people of other temperaments, especially phlegmatic types. Many great charismatic armed services and political figures were cholerics. They like to be leaders and in charge of everything. melancholy A person who is a thoughtful ponderer has a melancholic disposition. Often very considerate, melancholics can be highly creative in activities such as poetry and art and can become assiduous with the tragedy and cruelty in the world. A melancholic is also often a perfectionist. They are often self-reliant and independent.Phlegmatic Phlegmatics tend to be self-content and kind. They can be very accepting and affectionate. They may be very receptive and shy and often prefer stability to uncertainty and change. They are very consistent, relaxed, rational, curious, and observant, making them good administrators and diplomats.They also believe there are twelve mixtures of the four temperaments, representing people who have the traits of two temperaments. The temperament theory is used to help understand personality. The temperaments are seen as avenues into teaching, with many different types of blends, which can help with both discipline and defining the methods used with individual children and class balance.Phrenology frnl A pseudo-science related to physiognomy is Phrenology. The craniologist claims that specific areas of the cranium reflect certain personality traits. By examining these areas of the engineer for size and shape, an expert can infer individuals concealed character. This approach developed in the early 19th century, based on the discovery that areas of the cerebral cortex under the skull were differently specialized. Thus, the skull area over each area takes on certain forms matching the abilities of the brain underneath i t. Unfortunately for this theory, the early ideas of specialization of the brain are seriously flawed, and the boldness that specialized areas have anything to do with shapes of the cranium is false. Nevertheless, this idea of phrenology became very popular, and many experts on phrenology published volumes describing the applications of this technique. Numerous followers promoted the idea and supplied their services to an vehement public, usually for a fee. None of their claimed expertise have any basis in fact, and the subject seems a humorous relict today.Astrology is a separate of systems, traditions, and beliefs which hold that the movements and positions of celestial bodies directly influence life on country or correspond to the events of a humans life. A practician of astrology is called an astrologer. Astrologers believe, for instance, that the identification of the zodiacal placement of the Sun on the day of a persons birth provides information about personality and hum an affairs, and helps in the interpretation of past and present events, and in the expectancy of the future. Astrology is generally considered a pseudoscience or superstition by the scientific community because of a lack of statistically significant astrological predictions. Still, astrology enjoys certain popularity even nowadays. In particular, many newspapers and magazines carry predictive columns based on celestial influences in relation to an individuals zodiac sign.