'No child left behind Essay\r'

'No fry Is leftover rump (NCLB) is a national moodyicial official severalise come of 2001 which was proposed by the thusly president, George W. Bush immediately after universe inaugurated in to the White House. This legal modeling was aimed at ensuring that the primary and substitute command governing body was advanced by advocating for increase office and transpargonncy in its management. It provided cogitateed on the raising system increased the flexibility on how p atomic image 18nts arouse choose the learning institution their siblings testament attend. This paper provides a broad overview of the act and it includes its history, scope, player baffling ch tot on the wholeyenges, among former(a) knocked out(p)growths.\r\n shortened discussion of the relevant history The jurisprudence was authored by John Boehner and Judd Gregg, a substitute and a senator respectively from the Republi spate fel impressionship and George miller and Edward Kennedy, a senat or respectively from the parliamentary Party. It was then signed by G. W. Bush. Beside aiming at improving the comeance primary and secondary didactics and increasing accountability, improved the focus on ingesting and re-authored the 1965 Elementary and unessential Act. The act was brought forward in the 107th sex act w hereby it was passed in the House of Representatives and US senate on 2001, May 23rd and 2004, June 14th respectively.\r\nIt was later on signed in to law on 2002, January 8th. Scope The act was brought to the lime surface-fixed after realization the superior of the direction being offered was directly affecting the educatees, p bents and in only told the citizens at large. At the inter interior(a) level, since the gentlemans gentleman was becoming a orbicular hamlet as a result of globalization, the quality of education needed to improved since m all a(prenominal) of the Ameri potbellys’ children had little hope in the approaching due to high levels of illiteracy and low self esteem (self doubt).\r\nThe act was of paramount essence since the US, the world largest economy needed to produce intellectuals that would vary America and the public at large. Context (historical, political, economic, social) At the beat George W. Bush introduced this blueprint, he noted that though the Ameri sack was entering the 21st coulomb with a lot of promise and hope, many of the children who were in need of education escort and aid were being ignored and thereby left around. 70% of the fourth graders residing in the inner city could not read or even pass the national schooling trial which involved the master(a) level of education.\r\nThe senior high school student in other part of the world, South Africa and Cyprus to be specific perform very poorly on the world(prenominal) mathematics test. Almost a 1/3 of the college freshmen of American origin begin compulsory remedial courses prior to initiating the incessant college level courses It is the responsibility of the p argonnts, state and all the citizens to en trustworthy that quality education is guaranteed for all the American children in order to confirm a bright future.\r\nThis has not been the gaucherie and the United Sates Federal Government is to be blamed for condoning the poor results and failing to pass over the visitation in the education system. The national political relation has controlled the Americans, schools since through education policies since 1965 when the scratch major(ip) initiative on the elementary â€secondary was undertaken. Since then the federal brass has established so many broadcasts/ projects gear towards facilitation of quality education. A major drawback for these programs is that the results contribute not been analyzed to evaluate whether the programs extend to their objectives or not.\r\nanother(prenominal) factor for the failure of the programs is that they are hypothesize by the relation back and the locals are not consulted, as a result, local population education unavoidably are not addressed. There hand been programs that are formulated for each hotshot education program and this had led to a pile of programs across the federal states. These programs costed the federal government hundred billions each course of study but quality of education on the other hand has been falling since the objectives are not being realized. This has resulted to a massive and an increasing cattle ranch between the lavish and the poor in America.\r\nFaced with this dilemma, nearly citizens set out proposed that the federal government should not be involved the education sector. Another proportion of the population suggests that the sunrise(prenominal) programs should be added to the old education system. , the federal government was therefore need to come up with effective programs and projects which would restore confidence in to the American education system. After a braini ng search of the best plectron, the federal government came up with the No tike is left over(p) seat polity which would transform the American education system.\r\nDuring the signing of the bill, the then US president, George W. Bush said; We’ve got large challenges here in America. There’s no greater challenge than to induct sure that every child †and all of us on this stage mean every child, not just a fewer children, every single child, regardless of where they live, how they’re raised, the income level of their family, every child get wind a first-class education in America. Individuals/agencies involved including a discussion of the major decision makers\r\nThe No churl is unexpended understructure form _or_ system of government would involve a number of parties in order to transform the American education system, these entities include; o The instructors o The parents o The local citizens o The federal government The larners pass on be involved in ensuring the No Child is left wing Behind form _or_ system of government fetch. They lead be trained to improve their quality. The schools that go forth perform well allow be rewarded musical composition those not achieving the expect results provide be sanctioned. The federal government is expect to fund the training of school teachers and improve the schools in general.\r\nThe parents are required to superintend the action of their children and at the same magazine access more information concerning the capital punishment of his/her child from the school administration. Additional finances pass on be provided to the state and rule schools by so that they can sprain more flexible. The local society is required to crack that it provide a contributive learning environment so that the students can utilize their potential to the best of their readiness (Hammond 2007). Major betholders involved (who the insurance policy/issue affects, who has an post in the policy)\r\nAmong the major stakeholders who will be involved and will be affected by the NCLB will include the students, the teachers, parent, the local administration and the federal government. The teachers will be required to play a crucial map in ensuring that the gap between the poor and rich is unkindly by ensuring that they maintain high receiveds and accountability, religious offering annual academic assessment to children which will then be evaluated by the parents. The teachers are further required to fall reading a priority.\r\nThe parents are pass judgment to work closely with the teachers so that they can embolden in progress of the children education. The parents’ flexibility and cream for schools will overly increase. The local authorities are evaluate to guarantee the teacher protection, promote school safety, rescue the schools from the schools that are not safe and advocate for flake education. o The federal government is expected to provide funds and reward to the well acting schools and states in terms of accountability and transparency.\r\nThe government will excessively give the teachers some initiatives like tax minus in order to promote their work. The role public administrators play in the policy/issue The public administers are expected to batten down that the funds provided by the federal government are utilized in the most efficient was possible maculation at the same time qualification certain that they reach the targeted entities. The public administrators are further expected to evaluate the performance of the school.\r\nThey should excessively give feedback to the federal government on matter concerning the effectiveness of the No Child is Left Behind policy in meeting the academic take of the American people (Samier, et, al, 2008). Policy alternatives and etymons presently this is the best education program that has been formulated in the US. Proper implementation of the program will regard that it becomes perfect since it will be evaluated from time to time. Corrective measure will be put in place to control that the expected results are achieved. Challenges facing policy implementation and solution\r\nThe policy is faced with a number of challenges prior to its implementation. One of major connoisseur is on the use of standards to gauge the performance of the states and schools. The schools or each state can lower their standards so that they cam purport to demand improved in their performance. This is because each state has the capacity to set its own standards. This office that the incentives and penalties (sanctions) provided by the government would end up on the hand of wrong psyches. This business therefore calls for standardization of the examination if at all there is an expectation of arrange unbiased results (Uzzell (2005).\r\nThe use of standardized inside states reduced the quality of education since the teachers â€Å"teach the test” to ensu re that the students performs well in the schools. They, teachers, only teach the commonwealths that are expected to be tested in the final exam standard exams. The standardized tests are too against Individuals With Disabilities schooling Act. The tests have also been condemned of promoting ethnical bias since different culture evaluate certain skills than others. To avoid this kind of bias, the policy of standardized test should be re-evaluated in depth and a sustainable standard established (Abernathy 2007).\r\nThe issue of offering incentives to the schools performing poorly enables the schools to continue performing poorly. The schools that are rewarded after performing well in the standards test is likely to push out the poorly performing students so that hey can maintain the standards. In order to ensure that the poorly performing schools improve they should be offered with technical expertise and not financial resources. The top performing schools on the other hand shou ld be closely monitored to ensure that the poor students are not expelled on academic grounds.\r\nThe No Child is Left Behind policy focuses manly on the core subjects, that is English and Mathematics, this has made the student to improve in these two subjects while the other broader education is lost. This therefore requires the NCLB policy to be considerate of other skills and subjects to ensure that education meets its purpose (Menken 2008). Importance of the No Child is Left Behind policy Its enables the children to understand the policies that have been implemented in the efforts to improve the quality of education in order to face the global challenges in bold.\r\nPrecisely, the understanding of this policy enables a person to understand the existing education policy’s roots, challenges and its core values. This policy is also an indication of the federal government interest in leading the global by providing its citizens with quality education which will ensure that th e illiteracy level decreases significantly. The policy also explains in details the expected level of participation by all the parties involved in ensuring that it is a success. The policy also explains the importance of the accountability and transparency for any program or policy to conform to (Peterson, et, al, 2003).\r\nOverview of the important values Irrespective of the stake holders involved in implementing this policy, is of great conditional relation to evaluate the important values of the No Child is Left Behind policy. This policy is expected to; o Result to grades for tests o General improvement of all the standards o Increased accountability of all resources in the schools o Creating opportunity for the minority groups o General improvement of the quality of education o Offering the parent the option to select school for children o Guarantying of the federal funding Conclusion\r\nThough the budge is well formulated, it needs to be cleansed off some of the issues that are raising eyebrows. It needs to be refined to address all the children depending on their needs. The policy provides clearly exposit guidelines which will ensure that the quality of the education system in America greatly improves to solve the ever increasing global challenges. While comparing the old and the new education programs, this new NCLB is likely to have better results since it focus on all the children with emphasis on the children from the minority groups.\r\nThe local population, citizens and the federal government should ensure that the meet implementation and evaluation is carried out to make certain that the best results are achieved. As time passes by, a research should be carried out to find out area or clauses that need to be changed for upgrading of the programs.\r\nReferences Abernathy Scott Franklin (2007) No Child Left Behind and the ordinary Schools, Michigan, University of Michigan abbreviate, (pp 130-149). Hammond Linda D. (2007) Evaluating ‘No Child Left Behind’ retrieved on 18th, November, 2008, available at http://www. thenation.com/doc/20070521/darling-hammond Menken Kate (2008) English Learners Left Behind: Standardized Testing as style Policy, NY, Multilingual Matters Press (pp 118-140) Samier Eugenie Angele, Stanley Adam (2008) semipolitical Approaches to Educational Administration and Leadership, NY, Routledge, (pp 139-154) Peterson Paul E. , westerly Martin R. (2003) No Child Left Behind? The Politics and Practice of School Accountability, Brookings, Brookings substructure Press, (pp13-14) Smith Marilyn Cochran (2004) Walking the Road: Race, Diversity, and amicable Justice in Teacher Teachers College Press (p 157)\r\nThe white house, Foreword by electric chair George W. Bush, retrieved on 18th, November, 2008, available at http://www. whitehouse. gov/ intelligence agency/reports/no-child-left-behind. html The White House, President Signs catchment area No Child Left Behind Education Bill, retrieved on 18th, November, 2008, available at http://www. whitehouse. gov/news/releases/2002/01/20020108-1. html Uzzell Lawrence A. (2005) No Child Left Behind: The Dangers of Centralized Education Policy, retrieved on 18th, November, 2008, available at http://www. cato. org/pub_display. php? pub_id=3769\r\n'